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(No Model.)

A; OSENBRUGK. GAS AND AIR COMPRESSOR AND DRY VAGUUM PUMP.

PatentedMa'r. 1, 1887.

WUBZES $65 N. PErERs. Phulo-Lima h hor. Washington. nc,

(No Model.)- 2 Sheets-,She.et 2.

A. 'OSENBRUGK. GAS AND AIR COMPRESSOR AND DRY VACUUM PUMP.

No; 358,689. Patented Mar. 1, 1887,

" 1 M W I gjgwa AUGUST OSENBRUCK, OF HEMELINGEN, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

GAS AND AIR COMPRESSOR AND DRY VACUUM-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 358,689. dated March 1, 1887.

Application [lied August 13, 1885.

T0 aZZwhom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Anens'r Osnnnniion, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Hemelingen, Prussia, Germany, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Gas and Air Compressors and Dry Vacuum-Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in gas-compressors and vacuum-pumps, the object being to provide a positive valvemotion as a substitute for the freely-playing flap and similar valves now in use.

The invention consists in the employment of an ordinary slide-valve gear, a secondary cut-off valve for the same, and means whereby the valves are held to their respective seats.

It also consists in providing the cylinder with pressure-relieving valves, so that, the secondary cut-off being permanently adjusted to operate for a certain difference between the exhaust and compression pressure, variations from such difference will be provided for by the relieving-yalves, as hereinafter more fully described.

The invention further consists in the construction and combination of parts, as' hereinafterfully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference being had to the accompanying 3o drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional View of a pump or compressor cylinder in part, with itsvalve-box and valves, embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modification.

Referring to Fig. 1, the pump or compressor cylinder is provided with the alternate suction and compression ports 6, leading into the ends of the cylinder, and with the central suctionpassage, 4, connected with the chamber to be exhausted in the case of a vacuum-pump or with the gas or air supply in a compressor. I will assume the latter case for the sake of convenience in description. On the cylinder is placed the valve-box B, which is closed by the cover B, having a neck, 5, the passage through which is connected with the compression-chamber. In the valvebox B travels the slide-valve O, of the usual description, and which is reciprocated from the moving parts of the compressor by any wcll-known or approvedvalve gear. The valve 0 is provided with the suction-channel 3, serving to connect Serial No. 174,286. (No model.)

the suction-passage 4 of the cylinder alternately with the ports 6 leading into the ends I of the same, and it is also provided with the compression-channel 1, registering alternately with the cylinder-ports 6, and leading therefrom into a passage, 2, formed through the top of the valve, and a central neck, a, thereon. On the neck a is placed an inverted cup, 0, having a top plate, G, and a coiled spring, 0", surrounds the cup 0, and is interposed between the top of the valve 0 and the projectin g part of the top plate, 0. The coiled spring (3 presses the top plate of the cup G against a secondary cut-off valve, K, sliding in suitable ways on the under side of the valve-box cover B and on the top plate, 0.

The top plate, 0, is provided with aport or opening, as shown,which is in turn connected with and disconnected from the tubular neck 5 on the cover B by means of a similar port or opening in the secondary slidevalve K. Suitable packing, a, is placed between the cup 0 and the valve-neck a, so that a gas and oil tight connection is formed between the compression-channel1 of the valve and the discharge-neck 5. The secondary slide-valve K is also actuated from the operating parts of the compressor by any known or approved secondary valve-gear. In each end of the compressor-cylinder (only one shown) is arranged a relieving-valve, V, opening outward into a discharge pipe or tube connected with the compression chamber when the pressure within the cylinder is greater than thatin the compressionchamber, Vithin the valve-box B the oil or other lubricating fluid is contained, and thus serves to keep the moving valves and connections thoroughly lubricated, being prevented from entering the several gas passages and chambers owing to the gasand oil tight connections of the same, as the valves are held closely upon their seats by the coiled springpacking O In Fig. 2 the secondary cut-ofi' valve R has its seat directly upon the top of the main slidevalve A, provided with suitable ways for the' ICO supported within the same a cylinder, 0 in an internal collar, on which is screwed a second cylinder, K, having an enlargement at its lower end. In the said enlargement is formed a spherically-shaped seat or socket, f, in which rests a correspondingly-rounded head, h, of a rubber or other elastic packingtube, D, the head h being held from displacement on its seat by an annular flange, 7r, sur-v rounding the same. The lower end, c of the packing-tube D is formed with a similarlyrounded head, b, which rests on a correspond ingly-formed seat or socket, 0 (P, on the top of the secondary cut-off valve It. The seat (1 d surrounds a funnel-shaped recess, a, in the valve R, at the bottom of which recess is a port or opening, 2, which leads through acorresponding port in the top of the main slidevalve into the compressionchannel l in the same.

The rubber packing-tube D acts, like the coiled spring 0 in Fig. 1, to hold the main andsecondary valves upon their respective seats, and thus forms a gas-tight connection of the compression channel 1 in the main valve with the discharge-opening in the cover of the neck 13*, through the passages 2 a, the tube D, and cylinders G K. The opposite heads of the elastic packing-tube D being spherically shaped, this tube acts as a uni versal connection of the valves with the dis charge-opening, permitting the reciprocation of the valves without allowing the compressed gas to enter the oil-chamber of the valve-box B and spray the oil therein. The valve-box is filled with oil, as before stated, and the height of the same may be indicated by a suitable gage applied to the openings 4' 5 in the valve-box.

The operation is the same in both the forms shown, but will be described with reference to that shown in Fig. 1.

Assume the piston in the compressor-cylinder to be moving to the right, then the suction-passage 4 will be connected by the suction-channel 3 of the valve with the left-hand cylinder-port 6, and the right-hand cylinder port 6 will be in communication with the compression-channel 1 of the valve. The gas will then be drawn into the cylinder to the left of the piston through the passages 4, 3, and 6, while the gas on the opposite side of the piston will be forced out through the passages 6, 1, 2, and 5 into the compression-chamber, the ports in the secondary valve K and cup 0 being at thattime in register. At the end of the stroke to the right the main slide-valve 0 will be reversed, connecting the right-hand cylinder-port 6 with the suction-channels 3 4, and the left-hand port 6 with the compressionchannel 1; but just before reversed the gas at the left of the piston was at the low exhaustpressure, while that at the right and in the eompressioupassages 1 2 5 was at a high compression pressure, so that when the main valve is reversed the compressed gas in the 'compression passages and chamberwould imme diately run back through the left-hand cylinder-port 6 into the low-pressure space at the left of the piston until the pressure thereinhad been raised to the compression-degree by the advance of the piston to the left. This would necessitate the pistons again forcing the once compressed gas into the compression passages and chamber and a consequent great loss of power. To obviate this the secondary valve K is arranged to cut off the compression-passage at the end of the stroke by the reversal of the main valve, thus retaining the compressed gas at the compression side of the valve K. The secondary valve K is held in position to close the compression-passages until the gas-pressure of the gas at the left of the piston is raised by the advance of the same to compression-degree, when the secondary valve is moved to open said passages, allowing the gas to be forced into the compressionchamber by the further advance of the piston.

The portion of the stroke which the piston must travel in order to raise the gas at exhaust-pressure at one side of the same to the compression-degree will vary with the difference between the exhaust and compression pressures, and as such difference will vary with different gases and at various stages of the operation of exhausting or compressing a gas the secondary valve would have to be continually adjusted to cut off and open the compression-passages atdiiferent points of equalization of the two pressures. To overcome this difficulty I provide the relieving-valve V at each end of the cylinder. The equalization of pressures above mentioned will take place earlier or later in the piston-stroke, according as the difference of compression and exhaust pressures is less or greater; then, by adjusting the secondary cut-off valve to open for the latest point of equalizationthat is, for the greatest difference of pressureand adjusting the relieving-valve V to open at or slightly above compression-pressure when the difference of pressure becomes less, the point of equalization will occur before the secondary valve opens, and the compressed gas, having no other outlet, will open and escape through the relieving-valve V into the compressionchamber until the secondary valve is opened and the pressure reduced. The action in the case of a vacuum-pump will be the same, the at mosphere becoming the compression-pressure and the vacuum the exhaust-pressure. By the substitution of the positive slide-valve motion for the usual flap-valves, the speed of con1- pressors and pumps, now very low, can be greatly increased, as the speed of the valve motion is dependent upon that of the piston, and thus the size of compressors of a certain capacity be greatly diminished.

In Fig. 2 the oil'chamber is shown provided with an outlet, 6, near its top, to which a pressure-reducing valve of usual construction is connected, so that when the gas leaks out IIO into the oil-chamber and would tend to raise the pressure therein, so as to bind the valves upon their seats, the excess of gas would es cape through said reducingvalve.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is u 1. In gas pumps and compressors, the combination, with the cylinder and piston, of a valve-box on the cylinder adapted to contain the lubricating-fluid, a main slide-valve, and a cut-off valve in the valve-box, the valves being formed with gas-ports communicating through oil-tight connections with a dischargeopening in the valve-box, substantially as set forth.

2. In gas pumps and compressors, the combination, with the cylinder and piston, the cylinder being provided with suitable gasports, of an oil-containing valve-box on the QC cylinder, a main sliding valve in the same having gas-channels registering with the cylinder-ports and a dischargeport opening, a

Witnessesr B. A. DILKMANN, H. BAROKHAUSEN. 

